Role of Sanger Sequencing in Clinical Diagnostics

Introduction

Sanger sequencing has gained popularity recently due to its precision and dependability in producing high-quality DNA sequencing data. However, the amount of samples that may be processed concurrently using Sanger sequencing is usually restricted. Furthermore, Sanger sequencing is essential for diagnosing diseases, locating mutations that cause them, and tracking the effectiveness of treatment since it can precisely sequence certain genes or areas of interest. The market for Sanger sequencing has prospects due to the increasing use of clinical genomics. However, it can be difficult to get regulatory approvals and reimbursement coverage for Sanger sequencing-based tests; doing so requires time and resources, which hinders the market’s ability to develop.

Definition

The Sanger method of DNA sequencing employs electrophoresis and depends on DNA polymerase’s random incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides during in vitro DNA replication. However, the Sanger technique is still commonly employed for smaller-scale projects and for confirming the results of deep sequencing. With an accuracy level of around 99.99 percent, it can still produce DNA sequence reads longer than 500 nucleotides, which gives it an advantage over short-read sequencing techniques (such as Illumina).

Fundamentals of sanger sequencing market 

• Improvements in technology

Due to advancements in sequencing technology, the advantages of Sanger sequencing, and a rise in genome mapping projects, the market for Sanger’s sequencing services is growing. Sequencing applications and an increase in R&D spending have also contributed to the market’s growth.

• Actions related to research and development (R&D)

Market development is expected to be aided by suppliers’ increased focus on developing markets such as China, India, and Southeast Asia. Rising R&D expenditures and a surge in Sanger sequencing applications are predicted to cause the market to develop significantly in the near future.

• An increase of hereditary diseases

In addition to the growing prevalence and awareness of genetic diseases and customised treatment, other drivers driving the market’s growth include the growing usage of genetic testing on plants and vertebrates.

Key features of sanger sequencing

Sanger sequencing, also known as chain termination sequencing, is a widely used method for DNA sequencing. The key features of Sanger sequencing include:

• Principle:

Sanger sequencing is based on the selective incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) during DNA replication. This method uses a DNA template, a primer, DNA polymerase, and a mixture of both normal (dNTPs) and chain-terminating (ddNTPs) nucleotides.

• Dideoxynucleotide Chain Termination:

The chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides lack a 3′ hydroxyl group, preventing the addition of further nucleotides in the growing DNA chain. As a result, DNA synthesis terminates when a ddNTP is incorporated.

• Fluorescent Labeling:

Each dideoxynucleotide is labeled with a different fluorescent dye. These dyes emit distinct colors, allowing for the identification of the terminating nucleotide in each reaction.

• Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis:

After the sequencing reactions, the DNA fragments are separated by size using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gel separates the fragments based on their length, with shorter fragments migrating faster through the gel.

• Detection and Visualization:

The separated DNA fragments are detected using a fluorescence imaging system. The emitted fluorescence is captured, and a chromatogram is generated. Peaks in the chromatogram represent the termination points and, consequently, the sequence of the DNA template.

Growth rate in sanger sequencing market

• According to the comprehensive analysis conducted by Data Bridge Market Research, the Sanger Sequencing market exhibited significant growth, recording a market value of USD 2,275.20 million in 2022. Projections suggest a substantial upswing in the market, with an anticipated value of USD 8,846.40 million by 2030. 
• This growth trajectory signifies a remarkable Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 18.50% during the forecast period. Within the application segment, “Diagnostics” emerges as the dominant sector, attributing its prominence to the escalating demand for advanced diagnostic and testing methods in patient care. The market reports curated by Data Bridge Market Research offer more than just insights into market scenarios; they provide a holistic understanding encompassing market value, growth rates, segmentation, geographical coverage, and major players in the Sanger Sequencing market.
• Furthermore, these reports delve into in-depth expert analyses, patient epidemiology, pipeline analysis, pricing trends, and the regulatory framework governing the market. This wealth of information equips industry stakeholders, decision-makers, and investors with a comprehensive perspective to make informed strategic decisions in the evolving landscape of the Sanger Sequencing market.

Role of Sanger Sequencing in Clinical Diagnostics

Sanger sequencing, with its high accuracy and reliability, plays a crucial role in clinical diagnostics, contributing to the identification and understanding of genetic variations associated with various diseases. Here are key aspects of the role of Sanger sequencing in clinical diagnostics:

• Gene Identification and Mutation Detection:

Sanger sequencing is employed to identify and characterize specific genes and their variations. In clinical diagnostics, it is essential for detecting mutations or variations in genes associated with genetic disorders, hereditary conditions, and susceptibility to certain diseases.

• Confirmation of Genetic Variants:

When novel genetic variants are identified through advanced sequencing technologies like next-generation sequencing (NGS), Sanger sequencing is often used for confirmation. Its accuracy is valuable in validating and confirming specific genetic alterations before reporting them in clinical settings.

• Inherited Disorders and Genetic Diseases:

Sanger sequencing is extensively used in the diagnosis of inherited disorders and genetic diseases. It aids in identifying mutations responsible for conditions such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and various forms of cancer with a hereditary component.

• Clinical Research and Biomarker Identification:

Sanger sequencing contributes to clinical research by identifying genetic variations associated with diseases. It plays a vital role in the discovery of biomarkers, which are crucial for understanding disease progression, predicting treatment responses, and developing targeted therapies.

• Pharmacogenomics:

Sanger sequencing is applied in pharmacogenomics to identify genetic variations that influence an individual’s response to specific drugs. This information helps tailor drug prescriptions, optimize treatment outcomes, and minimize adverse reactions based on an individual’s genetic makeup.

To gain more info on the Sanger Sequencing market contact Data Bridge Market Research for an analyst brief, our team will help you make an informed market decision to achieve market growth.

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